Summary
(Edit: removed all unnecessary information, added Windows10 experience, upgraded CLANG on Ubuntu to the same version, removed Debian10 due to old CLANG version)
I’ve created a pretty simple WASM module,
- compiled on MacOS, works ✅,
- compiled on MS-Windows10, works ✅,
- compiled on Ubuntu21.10: produces 318 bytes of zeros ❌,
Details
Symptom
On Ubuntu21, the linker produces the file with correct length, but full of zeros:
$ hexdump inc.wasm
0000000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
*
0000130 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
000013e
The compiler also produces a temporary file named like inc.wasm.tmp611a2df
, which is identical to the result inc.wasm
, same size, zero bytes content.
Build commands
The compile command:
clang++
--target=wasm32
-nostdlib
-O3
-o /tmp/inc.o
-c
inc.cpp
It produces good object file on any platform (compiled on Ubuntu, then linked on MS-Windows10: works).
The link command is (on MS-Windows10, use to caret “^” instead of backslash “”):
wasm-ld
--no-entry
--export-all
--lto-O3
--allow-undefined
--import-memory
/tmp/inc.o
-o inc.wasm
Versions
MacOS:
$ clang --version
Homebrew clang version 13.0.1
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin21.3.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin
Ubuntu 21.10:
Compiler version:
$ clang --version
Ubuntu clang version 14.0.0-++20220316013357+add3ab7f4c8a-1~exp1~20220316133449.102
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin
Linker version:
$ wasm-ld --version
Ubuntu LLD 14.0.0
Bottom line
Used strace on Debian10 with CLANG version 7, it was hanging after creating the result file, I copy here the strace output, but remember, it’s different version:
futex(0x7f514f8dc428, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
futex(0x7f514f8dc0c8, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
futex(0x7f514f8dc9d0, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
futex(0x7f514f8dc9d8, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/tmp/inc.o", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1556, }) = 0
pread64(3, "asm112242002002004`11771177``2177177`3177177" , 1556, 0) = 1556
close(3) = 0
brk(0x1048000) = 0x1048000
brk(0x1046000) = 0x1046000
stat("inc.wasm", 0x7ffc2e13ec08) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "6'242256", 4) = 4
close(3) = 0
openat(AT_FDCWD, "inc.wasm.tmp0b96c6e", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC, 0777) = 3
fallocate(3, 0, 0, 1507) = 0
ftruncate(3, 1507) = 0
mmap(NULL, 1507, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7f514f918000
sched_getaffinity(0, 128, [0]) = 64
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/online", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4
read(4, "0n", 8192) = 2
close(4) = 0
mmap(NULL, 8392704, PROT_NONE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_STACK, -1, 0) = 0x7f514af2b000
mprotect(0x7f514af2c000, 8388608, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
clone(child_stack=0x7f514b72afb0, flags=CLONE_VM|CLONE_FS|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SIGHAND|CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_SYSVSEM|CLONE_SETTLS|CLONE_PARENT_SETTID|CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID, parent_tidptr=0x7f514b72b9d0, tls=0x7f514b72b700, child_tidptr=0x7f514b72b9d0) = 23331
futex(0x7ffc2e13eee8, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 0, NULL
I have no idea, what’s going on.
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Answer
I was just unlucky with two of my Linux VMs. A friend installed wasm-ld
on his Arch Linux, and it worked out-of-the-box.
I’ve upgraded my Debian10 machine to Debian11, installed wasm-ld-13
and it just works.