For example, I have a file with the content:
{
a : "apple"
b : "orange"
}
{
a : "meat"
}
I want to add “_1” in all the lines with “a : “, and get the result as:
{
a : "apple_1"
b : "orange"
}
{
a : "meat_1"
}
Are there any ways by bash commands
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Answer
Your spacing is unclear, whether you have "a : ..." or "a: ...". You also have what appears similar to json, and if so, you need to use a json-aware utility to ensure the result is validated as valid json.
If however, it’s just text, then awk can handle either case ("a : ..." or "a: ...") for you by checking if the first field (or first and second in the case of "a : ...") match your a: prefix. You then simply append _1 to the end of the line to preserve leading spaces using the sub function on the entire line (e.g. $0). In all cases the line is output, either unchanged or with _1 appended if your prefix is met.
You can do that with:
awk '$1=="a:" || ($1=="a" && $2==":") {sub(/"$/,"_1"",$0)}1' file
(note: you can remove whatever side of the || isn’t needed)
You can review the user of the sub function at GNU awk – String-Manipulation Functions
Example Use/Output
With your input file in file, the following results:
$ awk '$1=="a:" || ($1=="a" && $2==":") {sub(/"$/,"_1"",$0)}1' file
{
a : "apple_1"
b : "orange"
}
{
a : "meat_1"
}
Using sed
You can also accomplish the same thing with sed (which may be slightly more efficient in this case) using:
sed '/^s*as:/s/"$/_1"/' file
Look things over and let me know if you have questions.